pre-miRNA Information | |
---|---|
pre-miRNA | hsa-mir-4316 |
Genomic Coordinates | chr17: 77396984 - 77397054 |
Description | Homo sapiens miR-4316 stem-loop |
Comment | None |
RNA Secondary Structure |
Mature miRNA Information | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mature miRNA | hsa-miR-4316 | |||||||||
Sequence | 11| GGUGAGGCUAGCUGGUG |27 | |||||||||
Evidence | Experimental | |||||||||
Experiments | SOLiD | |||||||||
SNPs in miRNA |
|
|||||||||
Putative Targets |
miRNA Expression profile | |
---|---|
Human miRNA Tissue Atlas | |
Circulating MicroRNA Expression Profiling |
Gene Information | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gene Symbol | KCTD21 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | KCASH2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Description | potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Transcript | NM_001029859 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expression | |||||||||||||||||||||
Putative miRNA Targets on KCTD21 | |||||||||||||||||||||
3'UTR of KCTD21 (miRNA target sites are highlighted) |
>KCTD21|NM_001029859|3'UTR 1 AAGGACCCCAACAACACTGGAGATGGGGAGTCCCAGGAAGCTCATGTCAGCCAGGTCTTGGAGGGCATCTCGCCAGTGGT 81 GCGAGGCAGGGGACTATACTAATCTGTATTAATTGTGTAGCAGGACTTGATTCCCCCCATGATGAAGTCCACCTTTTGGA 161 ATCCAGTGTCCTCTGAACAGAACCACCTTTTTTCTTGCCATTTTGAGCTGCAGACAGGCGGTTTATTATGACAAGTGAAG 241 AGTCAGCTGATGTGTACTAAAGGAGGCCATAGGAGGATTTTCCAGCCAGGACAAAAGAGCAGCAGTTTTCTCCTGGGCTC 321 CATCTCTCTGTACCGCTAGCCAGTGCCGCATTTATCCATCTGTAAGAAGGCCCTGGTGGAGAGGATGGGATGAGAACAAG 401 AGGCTACCTCCAGTTAACCAGGACATAAAGTCCCCAGCGGTTCCTGTCACACCTGCTCCTCCCTCCCCAGGGTGCATCCA 481 TGATCGTGGATGTTTGCCCAGGGGTGACCATGTTTGGCTGGCTTGGAATGCTGTGCATTCTCAGAGCTCTGTTAGTGTCC 561 CCTCTTGGGGGTCAGAGATGAGGTGTGGCAGGGTCTAGAGGAATGAGTGTCCAGGCAGAGTTCAGAAGGTAGGAATGTCC 641 CTCTTGATAGGGCTGAATCAAGGGATTCCTGGCTTTAGAAAGGGTCTGCTATCTTTGCAAAAATGTGCAAGTATCTGTAG 721 CCAGTGTAATGAAATCACTTCCAAATCCAGCCTGTTACCTGACTTTTGTCATTGTTTTCCCAAAAATTTGAGGTATCATT 801 GAAACAGGTCATTTTAAACAAATCTATTACGGATTCTCAGGGTTGGAAATAATTCGATGATTGCTTAGTCCTCCCCCACC 881 CCTAGAACACCCCAGCACATCTGAAGATGAGCGCCTCTCCCTGGGTACCTGCAAGTGATCACCTTGGCCTGCTTGCATAC 961 CTTGGCTGATAGGAAGCGCGCCATCCCCAAGGCAGCTCCTGCTGTGGTTGGACAGTGCTGACTGTTAGACAGTTCTTCCC 1041 TATATTGAGCCAAAATCTGTCCTGCCACTTGCTGGATCTTGGTTGCAGACCTTCCCATTCACCCAGTTATATATCTTTGC 1121 TTTCAAAATAGTCACCTTGAGAGACCAGACATTTTTCTGAAAACATCATTACTCAGAATTCAGATTCCCCTCTGGGATCT 1201 GTCTTCAGAATCAAAGTTAGCTCTTTTCTATCCCCTGTAAGTCAGTCCCCTTTTGTTGTAGCTTCACCTCGTTTGTGACC 1281 CCCACTTCACCCACCTTCCCCACCATCTGTGGCTCCATATACCTTTCGACCATTTTCTGCTGGAAGAGGAAGATTCACGG 1361 CCCCTGAGGAGATCCAGAGGAAAGAGACGGTCTCCAAGGGTGCTGTGCAGCAAGGAGCCCAGGAGTGGTATGAACCGTAA 1441 CAGTGCCCTTAGAGTAAATGTGCGGCCCCTAAGACCCTGCCCTCAGGAAGGCGGCCTTCCCCTGCAGTCCTGTGTCCCAC 1521 CCCTGGGTCTCTGTAGGGTGCCATCCAGGGCAAGCAACCCAAGCACTGCTTCCCACCGGGTGATGAGCCATGCAGGCCTC 1601 CAAACTGCACGTCATGATTCATCCCTAAAGTGAGTTTGGCCTTGAGAGTCCCCAGGGTCCTCCCCCACTGGGCAGGGGTC 1681 CTCAAAGCCAAGGAAGCCTGGTGACACAGGCACCCATGGGAGGTGGGCCCAGAAAGGGGCTTCCCATAGATAGGCCCTGT 1761 GAGTAGGGAGCTTGTACACTGGGCCATGGGCAGCGCCAGTTCCCTTGAGCAGTAAAGGCCCTTTTCCCCCTACGGTGGGA 1841 CCCAGGAGTCTCTCTGACAGCTTTTCTGCCAGGCACAGTGGCTCATGCCTGTAATCCCAACACTCTGGGAGGCCGAGGCG 1921 GGAAGATCACTTGAGGTCAGGAGTTCAAGACCAGCCTGGCCAACATGGTGAAACGTCGTCTCTGCTAAAAATACAAAAAT 2001 TAGCTGGGTGTGGTGACAGGCGCCTATAACCCCAGCTATTTGGGAGGCTGAGGCAGTAGAATCGCTTGAACCCAGATAGC 2081 AGAGGTTGCAGTGAGCTGAGAGTGTGCCATTGCAGAGAGACTCCATCCCAAAAAAAGACAGCTGTCCCAGGCCAAGGGTA 2161 CTTGGGAGAGCCCCTCATGGAGAACCTAGTTTAGACCAAGTAGCAGAAGCTGTGGTCATAACAAAACAATTTGAGGAAGA 2241 AATCTTACAAATCACCACTGCCCTTTCTCCTTTTCCATAAAACTGTCCATCTTTTCGGTGCTCCCTAATCCAAGCAGCTT 2321 GACTTTAGAGAAGTTGCAGAAGCAGTGAAGCCACTAACATGCTGTGTGACTTTATGCAAGTCACTCACCTCACTGAGCCA 2401 CCTCCATTTCTTCATCTGTGAAATAGGCATAACAGTAATACATAACCCTACCTACCTCACAGGGCTGTTGTGAGGATCAA 2481 ATGAAATAATGTAACGTGAGAATACAGTATAAATGATAAAGGATTGTT Target sites
Provided by authors
Predicted by miRanda
DRVs
SNPs
DRVs & SNPs
|
||||||||||||||||||||
miRNA-target interactions (Predicted by miRanda) |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
DRVs in gene 3'UTRs | |||||||||||||||||||||
SNPs in gene 3'UTRs |
Experimental Support 1 for Functional miRNA-Target Interaction | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miRNA:Target | ---- | ||||||
Validation Method |
|
||||||
Conditions | TZM-bl | ||||||
Location of target site | 3'UTR | ||||||
Tools used in this research | TargetScan , miRTarCLIP , Piranha | ||||||
Original Description (Extracted from the article) |
...
PAR-CLIP data was present in GSM1462574. RNA binding protein: AGO2. Condition:TZM-bl ami BaL
... - Whisnant AW; Bogerd HP; Flores O; Ho P; et al., 2013, mBio. |
||||||
miRNA-target interactions (Provided by authors) |
|
||||||
Article |
- Whisnant AW; Bogerd HP; Flores O; Ho P; et al. - mBio, 2013
UNLABELLED: The question of how HIV-1 interfaces with cellular microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and effector mechanisms has been highly controversial. Here, we first used deep sequencing of small RNAs present in two different infected cell lines (TZM-bl and C8166) and two types of primary human cells (CD4(+) peripheral blood mononuclear cells [PBMCs] and macrophages) to unequivocally demonstrate that HIV-1 does not encode any viral miRNAs. Perhaps surprisingly, we also observed that infection of T cells by HIV-1 has only a modest effect on the expression of cellular miRNAs at early times after infection. Comprehensive analysis of miRNA binding to the HIV-1 genome using the photoactivatable ribonucleoside-induced cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP) technique revealed several binding sites for cellular miRNAs, a subset of which were shown to be capable of mediating miRNA-mediated repression of gene expression. However, the main finding from this analysis is that HIV-1 transcripts are largely refractory to miRNA binding, most probably due to extensive viral RNA secondary structure. Together, these data demonstrate that HIV-1 neither encodes viral miRNAs nor strongly influences cellular miRNA expression, at least early after infection, and imply that HIV-1 transcripts have evolved to avoid inhibition by preexisting cellular miRNAs by adopting extensive RNA secondary structures that occlude most potential miRNA binding sites. IMPORTANCE: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a ubiquitous class of small regulatory RNAs that serve as posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression. Previous work has suggested that HIV-1 might subvert the function of the cellular miRNA machinery by expressing viral miRNAs or by dramatically altering the level of cellular miRNA expression. Using very sensitive approaches, we now demonstrate that neither of these ideas is in fact correct. Moreover, HIV-1 transcripts appear to largely avoid regulation by cellular miRNAs by adopting an extensive RNA secondary structure that occludes the ability of cellular miRNAs to interact with viral mRNAs. Together, these data suggest that HIV-1, rather than seeking to control miRNA function in infected cells, has instead evolved a mechanism to become largely invisible to cellular miRNA effector mechanisms.
LinkOut: [PMID: 23592263]
|
CLIP-seq Support 1 for dataset GSM1462574 | |
---|---|
Method / RBP | PAR-CLIP / AGO2 |
Cell line / Condition | TZM-bl / TZM-bl ami BaL |
Location of target site | ENST00000340067.3 | 3UTR | CCCUACCUACCUCACAG |
Tools used in this analysis | TargetScan, miRTarCLIP, and Piranha |
Article / Accession Series | PMID: 23592263 / GSE59944 |
CLIP-seq Viewer | Link |
MiRNA-Target Expression Profile | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
MiRNA-Target Expression Profile (TCGA) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
74 hsa-miR-4316 Target Genes:
Functional analysis:
ID | Target | Description | Validation methods | |||||||||
Strong evidence | Less strong evidence | |||||||||||
MIRT080624 | PMAIP1 | phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT095088 | SEC24A | SEC24 homolog A, COPII coat complex component | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT123331 | CALU | calumenin | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT154964 | RRM2 | ribonucleotide reductase regulatory subunit M2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT370850 | TGFBR2 | transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT442955 | SGCD | sarcoglycan delta | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT448240 | ZNF774 | zinc finger protein 774 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT451710 | OLR1 | oxidized low density lipoprotein receptor 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT452072 | ATP6V0B | ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit b | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT455665 | GLO1 | glyoxalase I | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT460354 | TXNDC16 | thioredoxin domain containing 16 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT461908 | NECAB3 | N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT462047 | HOXC13 | homeobox C13 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT462735 | EFNB1 | ephrin B1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT463409 | ZC3HAV1L | zinc finger CCCH-type containing, antiviral 1 like | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT464952 | TWIST1 | twist family bHLH transcription factor 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT465052 | TSR1 | TSR1, ribosome maturation factor | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT467549 | SMARCD1 | SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily d, member 1 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT470226 | PRRC2A | proline rich coiled-coil 2A | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT474081 | LMBR1L | limb development membrane protein 1 like | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT474481 | KLHDC8B | kelch domain containing 8B | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT474704 | KIF3A | kinesin family member 3A | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT474897 | KCTD21 | potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 21 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT475203 | IL2RB | interleukin 2 receptor subunit beta | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT477664 | EFHD2 | EF-hand domain family member D2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT477775 | E2F3 | E2F transcription factor 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT477940 | DPM2 | dolichyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 2, regulatory | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT478224 | DDX52 | DExD-box helicase 52 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT479904 | CCDC117 | coiled-coil domain containing 117 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT480639 | BSCL2 | BSCL2, seipin lipid droplet biogenesis associated | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT482435 | ADM | adrenomedullin | 2 | 10 | ||||||||
MIRT483908 | GNB1L | G protein subunit beta 1 like | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT484161 | FAM71B | family with sequence similarity 71 member B | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT484405 | SNX19 | sorting nexin 19 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT485426 | LASP1 | LIM and SH3 protein 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT489788 | KRT80 | keratin 80 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT490813 | ASB1 | ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing 1 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT491176 | LAMA5 | laminin subunit alpha 5 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT491573 | HSDL1 | hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase like 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT492633 | PLXNA1 | plexin A1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT492984 | NAV1 | neuron navigator 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT496441 | RAB11FIP4 | RAB11 family interacting protein 4 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT501829 | NCOA3 | nuclear receptor coactivator 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT502165 | KIAA0195 | transmembrane protein 94 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT508652 | DIABLO | diablo IAP-binding mitochondrial protein | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT509554 | ACTG1 | actin gamma 1 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT520033 | YOD1 | YOD1 deubiquitinase | 2 | 6 | ||||||||
MIRT523969 | DVL3 | dishevelled segment polarity protein 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT526150 | KIAA1456 | KIAA1456 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT530330 | ARHGAP1 | Rho GTPase activating protein 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT539985 | SLC24A4 | solute carrier family 24 member 4 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT540851 | NUP155 | nucleoporin 155 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT542326 | LIMD1 | LIM domains containing 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT558908 | CBX5 | chromobox 5 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT563663 | SMC4 | structural maintenance of chromosomes 4 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT565433 | SURF4 | surfeit 4 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT567773 | DGAT2 | diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT615573 | NCS1 | neuronal calcium sensor 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT627336 | TTLL7 | tubulin tyrosine ligase like 7 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT632965 | EIF2S3 | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit gamma | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT634307 | SNTN | sentan, cilia apical structure protein | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT641569 | RAX | retina and anterior neural fold homeobox | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT660509 | ARL5A | ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 5A | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT662703 | C10orf111 | chromosome 10 open reading frame 111 | 2 | 4 | ||||||||
MIRT663214 | ZNF277 | zinc finger protein 277 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT665318 | YIPF4 | Yip1 domain family member 4 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT695264 | CD209 | CD209 molecule | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT696231 | LIN9 | lin-9 DREAM MuvB core complex component | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT698867 | SRPR | SRP receptor alpha subunit | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT702700 | IPO9 | importin 9 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT704236 | DHDDS | dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase subunit | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT704935 | CCDC120 | coiled-coil domain containing 120 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT724285 | KCNMB1 | potassium calcium-activated channel subfamily M regulatory beta subunit 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
MIRT735579 | VEGFA | vascular endothelial growth factor A | 3 | 0 |
miRNA-Drug Associations | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
miRNA-Drug Resistance Associations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|